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1.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(2): 297-304, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1366052

ABSTRACT

Abstract BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) are recommended safety measures for healthcare professionals to follow, with a view to preventing healthcare-related infections (HCRIs) and for their own protection. Inadequate adherence to these measures can lead to occurrences of occupational accidents and HCRIs. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the knowledge of and adherence to SP measures among the nursing staff of a hemodialysis service and the relationship of these variables to occurrences of work accidents with biological material. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional and correlational study with a quantitative approach developed in a hemodialysis clinic in Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and questionnaires on knowledge of and adherence to SPs. RESULTS: 29 professionals participated in the study. It is noteworthy that all of them had already participated in training related to SPs. However, no relationship was identified between knowledge of (15.17 points) and adherence to (71.86 points) SPs. In addition, inferential analysis showed that there was a relationship between suffering a work accident with biological material and the sociodemographic data and knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the SPs that had been established did not mean mastery of the subject. Despite positive results regarding adherence, factors requiring improvement were observed. It was possible to infer the characteristics that gave rise to greater risk of occurrences of accidents at work. Thus, this study showed the importance of assessing knowledge of and adherence to SP, in order to optimize and direct continuing education towards resolving occupational exposure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Guideline Adherence , Hemodialysis Units, Hospital , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Renal Dialysis , Infection Control/methods
2.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 74(supl.6): e20210219, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1288460

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the prevalence of colonization and infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria in patients undergoing kidney transplantation and identify the rate of infection, morbidity and mortality and associated risk factors. Methods: a prospective cohort of 200 randomly included kidney transplant recipients. Epidemiological surveillance of the studied microorganisms was carried out in the first 24 hours and 7 days after transplantation. Results: ninety (45%) patients were considered colonized. Female sex, hypertension and diabetes (p<0.005), dialysis time (p<0.004), length of stay after transplantation, delayed renal function, and length of stay were identified as risk factors. The microorganisms were isolated from surgical site, bloodstream and urinary tract infections. Conclusions: colonization by resistant microorganisms in kidney transplant patients was frequent and risk factors associated with infection were identified. The results should guide the care team in order to minimize morbidity and mortality related to infectious causes in this population.


RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia de colonización e infección por bacterias multirresistentes en pacientes sometidos a trasplante renal, identificar la tasa de infección, morbimortalidad y factores de riesgo asociados. Métodos: cohorte prospectiva de 200 receptores de trasplante renal incluidos aleatoriamente. La vigilancia epidemiológica de los microorganismos estudiados se realizó en las primeras 24 horas y 7 días posteriores al trasplante. Resultados: noventa (45%) pacientes fueron considerados colonizados. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo: sexo femenino, hipertensión y diabetes (p<0,005), tiempo en diálisis (p<0,004), tiempo de estancia después del trasplante, función renal retrasada, tiempo de estancia. Los microorganismos se aislaron de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico, del torrente sanguíneo y del tracto urinario. Conclusiones: la colonización por microorganismos resistentes en pacientes con trasplante renal fue frecuente y se identificaron factores de riesgo asociados a infección. Los resultados deben orientar al equipo asistencial para minimizar la morbimortalidad relacionada con causas infecciosas en esta población.


RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a prevalência de colonização e infecção por bactéria multirresistente em pacientes em transplante renal, identificar a taxa de infecção, morbimortalidade e os fatores de risco associados. Métodos: coorte prospectivo de 200 transplantados renais incluídos aleatoriamente. Realizou-se vigilância epidemiológica dos microrganismos em estudo nas primeiras 24 horas e 7 dias pós-transplante. Resultados: noventa (45%) pacientes foram considerados colonizados. Identificaram-se como fatores de risco: sexo feminino, hipertensão arterial e diabetes (p<0,005), tempo de diálise (p<0,004), tempo de internação pós-transplante, função renal retardada, tempo de internação. Os microrganismos foram isolados das infecções em sítio cirúrgico, corrente sanguínea e trato urinário. Conclusões: a colonização por microrganismos resistentes nos pacientes transplantados renais foi frequente e os fatores de riscos associados à infecção foram identificados. Os resultados devem direcionar a equipe assistencial, a fim de minimizar a morbimortalidade relacionada às causas infecciosas nesta população.

3.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(2): 552-565, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1003461

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate, from the literature, the effectiveness of the implementation of the multimodal strategy for health professionals compliance with Hand Hygiene and its sustainability over time. Method: Integrative review, with a view to answering the following question: "Is the implementation of the multimodal strategy effective in health professionals compliance with Hand Hygiene and can it be sustained over time?". The MEDLINE, SCOPUS, LILACS and CINAHL databases were used to retrieve the primary articles. Results: Twenty-five studies were analyzed. Among the components of the multimodal strategy, three need to be better worked: health education, feedback from practices and management involvement. Although it needs to focus more on its five elements, interventions based on the multimodal strategy have favored HH compliance and its long-term sustainability. Conclusion: The strategy proved to be effective for HH compliance, especially when all integrating components are adequately addressed.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar, a partir de la literatura, la eficacia de la implementación de la estrategia multimodal en la adhesión de los profesionales de salud a la Higiene de las Manos y su sostenibilidad a lo largo del tiempo. Método: Revisión integradora, para responder a la siguiente pregunta: "¿La implementación de la estrategia multimodal es eficaz en la adhesión de los profesionales de la salud a la Higiene de las Manos y puede ser sostenida a lo largo del tiempo?" Se utilizaron las bases de datos MEDLINE, SCOPUS, LILCAS y CINAHL para recuperar los artículos primarios. Resultados: Se analizaron 25 estudios. Entre los componentes de la estrategia multimodal, tres necesitan ser mejor trabajados: educación en salud, feedback de prácticas e involucramiento de la gestión. Aunque necesite un mayor enfoque de sus cinco elementos, las intervenciones basadas en la estrategia multimodal favorecieron la adhesión a la HM y su sostenibilidad a largo plazo. Conclusión: La estrategia se mostró eficaz en la adhesión a la HM, en particular cuando todos los componentes integradores están adecuadamente contemplados.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar, a partir da literatura, a eficácia da implementação da estratégia multimodal para adesão dos profissionais de saúde à Higiene das Mãos e sua sustentabilidade ao longo do tempo. Método: Revisão integrativa, com vistas a responder a seguinte questão: "A implementação da estratégia multimodal é eficaz na adesão dos profissionais de saúde à Higiene das Mãos e pode ser sustentada ao longo do tempo?". Utilizaram-se as bases de dados MEDLINE, SCOPUS, LILACS e CINAHL para recuperar os artigos primários. Resultados: Foram analisados 25 estudos. Dentre os componentes da estratégia multimodal, três precisam ser melhor trabalhados: educação em saúde, feedback de práticas e envolvimento da gestão. Embora necessite maior enfoque dos seus cinco elementos, as intervenções baseadas na estratégia multimodal favoreceram a adesão à HM e sua sustentabilidade em longo prazo. Conclusão: A estratégia se mostrou eficaz para adesão à HM, em especial, quando todos componentes integradores são adequadamente contemplados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Guideline Adherence/standards , Education, Continuing/standards , Hand Hygiene/standards , Education, Continuing/methods , Hand Hygiene/methods
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